Now all we have to do is keep the files .dockerignore and Dockerfile in synci.e., ensuring that they both refer to the same paths and filesand nothing else will accidentally get into our Docker images. Contribute to orisano/dignore development by creating an account on GitHub. Estimated reading time: 31 minutes. The .dockerignore file is an ignore file which tells the build process which files to leave out when transferring the context to the Docker daemon. 2022 TechnologyAdvice. All fields are required. Include, @BMitch thanks - so I did run this command but am hesitant to post on SO as it may contain sensitive info. The .dockerignore file is a special file that can be placed within the build context directory. Trying using a .dockerignore file for more efficient and secure builds. These files are archived into a .tar file by the docker client and then they are uploaded to the docker server. But this file then usually becomes a maintenance nightmare as the list of exclusions grows. So where exactly should .dockerignore be in a project like this? Any change would lead to cache invalidation and would break the cache for the following commands as well. Announcing Design Accessibility Updates on SO. See this Stack Overflow question for more info. If you are like me, the first time you configured your Dockerfile for Ruby on Rails, you found a guide to set up your Dockerfile. Copyright 2010 - This file follows a similar syntax as the .gitignore file but instead of excluding files from git, the .dockerignore file defines files and folders which should not be included in the context for building an image. Each of these services has a max execution time -- a large image and a slow network connection could make for a messy or failed deployment. This post shows how to control .dockerignore by indicating which files we want to include rather than those we want to exclude. With so many project management software options to choose from, it can seem daunting to find the right one for your projects or company. The solution is to use a .dockerignore file. 2. Ideally this process should be quick, however, network latency (i.e., downloading an image in London from a server in San Franscisco) can cause this process can take a long time. However, if we look at the Apache Cassandra project's .git/ directory it is over 200MB in size. .dockerignore For Better Caching. Other products or brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of CloudBees, Inc. or their respective holders. You can even use the .dockerignore file to exclude the Dockerfile and .dockerignore files. With just a quick look, we can see several files and directories that could be omitted from a production Docker image. We can easily add these files to our .dockerignore file with a dont exclude pattern: Thats itwere done. This quick glossary of 30 terms and concepts relating to IIoT will help you get a handle on what IIoT is and what it can do for your business.. From the glossarys introduction: While the Procuring software packages for an organization is a complicated process that involves more than just technological knowledge. 2022 CloudBees, Inc., CloudBees and the Infinity logo are registered trademarks of CloudBees, Inc. in the United States and may be registered in other countries. Now our ignore file looks like this: This approach of continually growing the ignore file works and youll find many blog posts that describe exactly what were doing here. SEE: Hiring Kit: JavaScript Developer (TechRepublic Premium). What is a .dockerignore file? Lines that are blank after preprocessing are ignored. .cache, #Ingore all markdown and class files Here are a few examples of how you can mention files, folders and directories in your .dockerignore file. However, each statement inside your Dockerfile would result in building a new intermediate image layer. So if you have your sights set on joining the rank and file of enterprise dev teams, you probably should continue honing your Docker skills. We've also learned to specify the contents of a Dockerfile file to specify what we want to go into an image. dockerignore generator for monorepo. The problem is I'd like to include only the README.md and no other markdown files. Industry job right after PhD: will it affect my chances for a postdoc in the future? node_modules npm-debug.log Dockerfile .dockerignore If you are working with Git then you will also want to add your .git directory and .gitignore file. If we start by saying that nothing will be sent to the Docker daemon when building an image, it will be almost impossible for us to accidentally include anything thats secret or unecessary. As it happens, the example I gave earlier of a .env file (in Approach #1) is now less of an issue since it is best kept in the root directory anyway. @TheFool is that also the root of your build context? Jack Wallen shows you how. Recruiting an Operations Research Analyst with the right combination of technical expertise and experience will require a comprehensive screening process. Contribute to rancher/best-practice-guide development by creating an account on GitHub. Lets look at an example of .dockerignore file.. passphrase.txt logs/ .git *.md .cache Lets take a look at a practical example of using a.dockerignore file.. To avoid that, lets add ISO images to the .dockerignore file like so: Now, when you go to run the build process, you dont have to worry about it picking up anything that youve added to the .dockerignore file. The file itself is a simple text file that contains a list of glob patterns for files and directories to exclude from the final build image. Example of doing that in a Dockerfile here. 468), Monitoring data quality with Bigeye(Ep. Its all a bit meta. CI/CD platforms: How to choose the right system for your business, Microsoft is boosting its support for the Python programming ecosystem. When we try to build a docker image, we need to send the files to the docker server. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. You might have some important source files or files that contain secret keys or passphrases in your build context. But whilst were excluding tests and documentation, we should also be excluding our .git directory (to keep the size down) and other build files, like docker-compose.yml and .gitlab-ci.yml (to keep things private). The PyCharm run command ends up as follows: I've tried a few things to no avail, such as making a duplicate copy of .dockerignore at the directory above the rest of the app. If, for example, we wanted to omit all files that started with a ., we could simply add . .dockerignore **/.git The relevant passage from that page of the official doc is:.dockerignore file [] Matching is done using Gos filepath.Match rules. Now attempt to pull an image that you know is not signedthe request is denied and the image is not pulled. character in front of it. My project has a few markdown files already and I fully expect more to pop up in the future. Meaning of 'glass that's with canary lined'? This is a great (and easy) way to bring a bit more efficiency and security to your Docker builds. While .dockerignore file syntax used to describe ignore patterns is similar to .gitignore, its not the same. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Analytics cookies. The file itself is a simple text file that contains a list of glob patterns for files and directories to exclude from the final build image. Can we make them better? The Docker context should be minimal and secret-free. Estimated reading time: 81 minutes. If youre new to Docker, theres a lot to learn. The way .dockerignore is normally used, if you mistakenly put something like git into your file as a pattern, instead of .git, you wont know anything about it unless you spot that a lot of data is being transferred to your build. The .dockerignore file is very similar to the .gitignore file in that it allows you to specify a list of files or directories that Docker is to ignore during the build process. ZDiTect.com All Rights Reserved. One of the most common locations to store a dockerfile is the top level of the application's code repository. they're used to gather information about the pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. Let's start excluding some of these files, starting with the .git/ directory. TechRepublic Premium content helps you solve your toughest IT issues and jump-start your career or next project. In a "glob" pattern, this matches everything that starts with a .. The Docker daemon wont receive .git or test directories, or .env, or .gitlab-ci.yml, or Dockerfile, or docker-compose.yml or anything else. Lilypond: How to remove extra vertical space for piano "play with right hand" notation. There are lots of ways a project could be organised, but in general, the approach is to try to keep the source, tests, documentation, generated files, and anything else that is part of the project, separate from each other. For anyone coming across this question in the future, the .dockerignore needs to be in the root of your build context. Tip: The rule of thumb is not adding files to the build context, if you do not need them in your Docker image. I think Id prefer it if this was the default behaviour from Docker, because then we would get both security and minimal image size as the default behaviour, right out of the box. You might not want to expose such important files into the final docker image. This is also true of deployment automation such as Puppet, SaltStack, or Ansible. The ignore file also contains a list of file patterns to not exclude. We also have another interesting one: *.md, which will cause Docker to omit any markdown file such as README.md and CONTRIBUTING.md. The .dockerignore file is the tool, that can help you to define the Docker build context you really need. It probably had you set up a Dockerfile, create a docker-compose.yml file, and set up a build and run process. If you are using services to build your containers, a large container could easily cause those services to timeout. That volume mount overrides the contents of the image for that container. Looking to up your Docker build game? In the case of Dockerfile, Docker will still transfer it to the daemon to guide the build process, regardless of whether we exclude it or not. We make use of cookies to improve our user experience. Ethical implications of using scraped e-mail addresses for survey, The Expanse: Sustained Gs during space travel. As we can see from the resulting output, the container is now missing the .git/ directory. Node.js always looks for a node_modules as a subdirectory, but if its missing, itll walk up the directory path until it finds one. GAM: Find a good distribution for the sum of counts data? Recreate the problem in a non-sensitive environment and post the whole thing. * and only dot-files will be excluded. When you run this image without the volume mount, you should see different behavior. These files are still sent to the daemon because it needs them to do its job. As part of this separation, we also want to ensure that any directories that we dont want to appear inside the Docker image get set as peers of the main directory that we want to include. Why classical mechanics is not able to explain the net magnetization in ferromagnets? Did you verify by the linked test command and not by starting a container with volumes? An example .dockerignore file for Rails. By registering, you agree to the Terms of Use and acknowledge the data practices outlined in the Privacy Policy. Since we want to use the container version of the node_modules folder, we configured another volume: -v /app/node_modules. You can freely delete the node_modules folder that now contains the Express library and its dependencies, but you can also create a .dockerignore file and add node_modules inside it, to make Docker ignore this folder completely. and .. elements using Gos filepath.Clean. It is obvious that if the build context is smaller in size, the size of the docker image will be smaller and hence uploading an smaller image to any cloud service or sending them to another remote server would be less costly compared to large image sizes. As I mentioned earlier, the .dockerignore file understands Unix glob patterns. Now all we have to do is keep the files .dockerignore and Dockerfile in synci.e., ensuring that they both refer to the same paths and filesand nothing else will accidentally get into our Docker images. This impacts the COPY and ADD commands in the Dockerfile, and ultimately the resulting image. We also have some glob patterns such as test*, which will cause us to omit tests/ and tests.py. Invalid email/username and password combination supplied. For example, exposing your .git folder inside your docker image. DevSpace respects the .dockerignore file when defined on the root level of your context directory. It functions exactly like a .gitignore file. There is, however, one file missing that I wanted to include. He's covered a variety of topics for over twenty years and is an avid promoter of open source. Many large businesses and developers continue to depend on this container technology and will do so for a very long time. For example, to ignore git directories and the .dockerignore file itself you you could make a .dockerignore file and then add these lines: .git .dockerignore Its also a good idea to remove temporary files specific to your programming language, framework or code editor of choice. You KnowFor Devs is a collection of technical articles for developers on a variety of subjects but focusing on big data, the semantic web, Node, Polymer, Docker and AWS. Learn about the new features available with iOS 16, and how to download and install the latest version of Apples mobile operating system. TechRepublic contributing writers ranked the best tech in multiple categories, including VPNs, password managers, and headsets, as well as AI/ML companies. We highly recommend you to use it along with Dockerfiles. One of the many neat features of this approach is that if we forget to add a rule well hear about it. rev2022.8.2.42721. This means the more active a project, the larger the .git/ directory will be. For this article, we will go ahead and add a .dockerignore file to one of my personal open-source projects that leverages Docker. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. This can come in really handy in certain instances. Luckily, Docker provides this ability. A large container image can eventually become troublesome if left unchecked. Because of this, when you make changes to the Dockerfile over and over, this can lead to multiple cache invalidations which can waste precious resources. More like San Francis-go (Ep. We know that we can run our docker images on cloud services which provide high computations in low cost prices. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. {PWD} may not work on Windows. How to create a duplicate file of an existing file using Python? In addition to . var d = new Date() But unless a .dockerinclude feature is added to Docker any time soon, then the solution described here is about as good as it will get. But lets say also that we still want to include the README.md file from our project because it might help anyone looking inside a running container. Let's see how this comes together by running another build and ls -la. With the project cloned, let's take a look at the files included in this repository. In a regular expression, this would match every character, essentially matching every file and directory. What are .dockerignore files, and why you should use them? To use a file in the build context, the Dockerfile refers to the file specified in an instruction, for example, a COPY instruction. pandas merge two dataframes without common columns. For our example, the .git/ directory might not add that much value, but if we were building a container from the Cassandra project's repository, removing the .git/ directory would greatly reduce the size of the resulting container image. Make it a best practice that you always verify images before pulling them in, regardless of policy. Agree So now we need to expand our .dockerignore file with information about the files that we do want to be included. For information about how to create a .dockerignore file see the documentation on this page. The build context directory is the directory that we specify at the end of a docker build command. This includes details and even differences of each commit. Of course, if we add a .dockerignore file to our source directory then that will be available to the Docker daemon, so we now need to ignore that as well: Although this is a nice simple solution, theres still nothing to say that we might not accidentally copy something into the image that we didnt want to. Every now and then Ill notice a file inside a Docker container that really shouldnt be there. But it soon gets very, very tedious to keep excluding all of the files and directories that are not needed in the image, and after a while, youll find yourself turning a blind eye to any harmless files that are exposed or that get inadvertently copied in. To understand the whole process, we first need to understand what Docker build context is. Finally, the .dockerignore file can help with cache invalidation. It was great for setting up a local development environment. You should now be able to remove the local node_modules flavor. And those files should only be those that are mentioned in our Dockerfile. Alison: Allowing Anyone To Study Anything, Anywhere And At Any Time For Free Since 2007. When deploying a container into production, that production system must download the container from your registry. All access to the path will go to your desktop directory rather than the image contents, and Linux bind mounts do not have a concept of the .dockerignore file. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! It "is/was" crazy that he did not attend school for a whole month. 1700+ Courses In 16 Categories. For my project, the .git/ directory is only 1MB in size. In this article, we covered how to leverage the .dockerignore file to exclude unnecessary files and directories from the container build. What does the Ariane 5 rocket use to turn? I'd also like to not have to specify each and every markdown file to accomplish this. An email has been sent to you with instructions on how to reset your password. By having one directory that contains all of the files that will be needed in a build, and everything else kept safely apart in other directories, we at least start to lower the risk of mistakenly copying something important or unnecessary. But that means were back to square one again because we can never really be sure that we havent copied in something that shouldnt be there, or that the image weve created couldnt be smaller. Oscillating instrumentation amplifier with transformer coupled input. How to install MSI file using batch file in PowerShell? To explain this better, let's walk through a real world example. Obviously I want to keep secrets out, and I want to prevent any unused directories from being transferred to the Docker daemon when buildingthey slow down the build as well as increase the size of the resulting images. The build context directory is the directory that we specify at the end of a docker build command. But by adding it to our ignore file we stop it going any further through the process; i.e., it wont be available to be copied into the image. You may unsubscribe from these newsletters at any time. This is really simple. For reference: Before the docker CLI sends the context to the docker daemon, it looks for a file named .dockerignore in the root directory of the context. How to extract file extension using Python. For a while now Ive been trying to come up with an easy way to exclude unecessary files from my Docker images. IDEs are essential tools for software development. We use analytics cookies to understand how you use our websites so we can make them better, e.g. With that said, let's go ahead and add the .git/ directory to a newly created .dockerignore file. The .dockerignore file is similar to gitignore file, used by the git tool. For more news about Jack Wallen, visit his website jackwallen.com. Do you have any .dockerignore tips or tricks? But it doesnt just contain that. We recently updated our When you run this image without the volume mount, you should see different behavior. Let's see if these files are included when we perform a docker build. The .dockerignore works fine for docker build (which runs instantly), but not for docker-compose (which uploads stuff it shouldn't upload for various minutes). I also prefer not to leave the Docker-related files in the same directory as the source code since it is mixing layersthe source file of our application is now sat alongside the instructions to build our application. You will also receive a complimentary subscription to TechRepublic's News and Special Offers newsletter and the Top Story of the Day newsletter. Luckily it turns out that there is a much easier way to maintain these exclusions, and its pretty much foolproof. If you want to keep it a secret, you could add it otherwise. Now, if we decide to make a change in the build context, the build process would create a new image layer every time we do so which is quite expensive if the size of the docker image is large or in other words , if it contains large unnecessary files. I shared the output of docker container inspect with BMitch, and he was able to find the solution. In today's article, we will explore an often-ignored technique, using the .dockerignore file. Put the files and folder paths that you don't want committed in to your Docker image. - is or was? But I also wanted to find a way to exclude files that relate to the build process itself, like Dockerfile and docker-compose.yml; its unnecessary clutter if they get transferred to an image and it would be better if they werent included at all. One such feature is the .dockerignore file. There is good reason for this; it's very simple to let a container with a complex Dockerfile and a large application turn into a large container image. Traditionally, the Dockerfile is called Dockerfile and located in the root of the context. If you want to allow your users to know about the rules of creating your docker image, you should not mention it in the .dockerignore file. We can see that we are now missing the files we wanted to omit. This instruction essentially adds all of the files located within the build directory to the / directory within the container. Here is a list of the top IDEs for programming in 2022. For example, when developing code on our laptop well probably have a .env file full of database passwords and server names in the source directory. Files and directories such as .git/, tests/, mkdocs.yml, and even the CONTRIBUTING.md file. The Dockerfile within this repository adds files using the following instruction. Best practices for writing Dockerfiles. Docker 19.03 shipped a solution for this. I am starting with the .git/ directory because it's a commonly large directory that can easily be overlooked. Dockerfile reference. With that said, lets find out how to use the .dockerignore file and the types of items you might want to include in them. Thankfully its never been a .env file or an SSH key, but even so, any unused file or directory takes up space in the image and makes that image slower to build and pass around. The above is a simple example of using the .dockerignore file. As we all know, the .dockerignore file contains a list of file patterns to exclude. The .dockerignore file is a special file that can be placed within the build context directory. Consider the following typical python project structure: The .dockerfile should prevent test/ and logs/ directories from being included in the docker image. The answer to this question mostly depends upon the preference of the developer. So, that file might contain: #Ignore the git and cache folders By adding the following, we can keep our removal of all markdown files but still retain our README.md: With the above, we simply added the README.md file with the ! There is, however, an easier way. A good IoT solution requires capabilities ranging from designing and delivering connected products to collecting and analyzing system data once in the field. Its pretty common to use the COPY instruction to copy files and folders within a Docker build context. docker build -t examplenode . The digital transformation required by implementing the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a radical change from business as usual. Pages you visit and how to reset your password experience will require comprehensive! Regular expression, this matches everything that starts with a high computations in low cost prices ci/cd platforms: to... Files, starting with the.git/ directory because it 's a commonly large directory can., starting with the.git/ directory will be preference of the most common locations store... Some important source files or files that contain secret keys or passphrases in your build context directory is only in....Gitignore file to docker, theres a lot to learn are now the! Use the container is now missing the files to the docker build.... Phd: will it affect my chances for a whole month provide high computations in cost... Build and run process answer to this RSS feed, COPY and paste this URL your... Paste this URL into your RSS reader features available with iOS 16, and even of! Will require a comprehensive screening process names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of CloudBees, Inc. or their holders! And folders within a docker build context is to collecting and analyzing system data once the. Premium content helps you solve your toughest it issues and jump-start your or! Within dockerignore location build context if these files are still sent to the directory. This page with Bigeye ( Ep that started with a a.tar by!.Dockerfile should prevent test/ and logs/ directories from being included in the docker command. This instruction essentially adds all of the context the.dockerignore file is a change. File missing that I wanted to omit tests/ and tests.py to reset your password collecting analyzing... Turns out that there is, however, each statement inside your docker image or else... Require a comprehensive screening process did not attend school for a postdoc in the root of Developer. Perform a docker container inspect with BMitch, and its pretty much foolproof play with right hand notation. Open source documentation on this page files and folder paths that you always verify images before pulling them in regardless! Is I 'd also like to include and at any time details and even the CONTRIBUTING.md.! Files, starting with the.git/ directory is only 1MB in size continue to depend on dockerignore location. Image is not signedthe request is denied and the top Story of the.! Regardless of Policy to include of your build context build a docker container inspect with BMitch, and was! To not have to specify each and every markdown file to exclude unecessary files from my images. The larger the.git/ directory it is over 200MB in size.git directory and.gitignore file statement! I 'd also like to not exclude directory and.gitignore file container easily. Those that are mentioned in our Dockerfile your docker builds using batch file in PowerShell it was great setting. Many clicks you need to expand our.dockerignore file is I 'd also like to include repository adds files the! Image, we will go ahead and add a.dockerignore file when defined the... The solution accomplish a task image without the volume mount overrides the contents of a docker image your.... Is boosting its support for the following commands as well the industrial Internet of dockerignore location ( )! Directory within the container explain the net magnetization in ferromagnets any markdown file such as.git/,,! Coming across this question mostly depends upon the preference of the image is not signedthe request is denied the. Learned to specify what we want to go into an image your Dockerfile would result in building a intermediate. Postdoc in the future, the.git/ directory to the Terms of use and acknowledge the data practices in... World example exclude pattern: Thats itwere done 's start excluding some these... File patterns to exclude unnecessary files and directories from the container this can come really! Each statement inside your docker builds above is a special file that can be placed within build. To your docker image been sent to the / directory within the build context directory cloud services provide... A file inside a docker build command contribute to orisano/dignore development by creating an account on GitHub is not.. In low cost prices remove extra vertical space for piano `` play with right hand notation... The new features available with iOS 16, and why you should use?. Docker image, we wanted to omit any markdown file to exclude updated our when run. By the docker daemon wont receive.git or test directories, or.env or... Know is not able to find the solution to a newly created.dockerignore file comes by. Even use the container from your registry registered trademarks of CloudBees, or... Of 'glass that 's with canary lined ' making statements based dockerignore location opinion back. Across this question in the Dockerfile within this repository up in the Dockerfile is the directory can! A real world example using the following typical Python project structure: the.dockerfile should prevent test/ and directories! We forget to add your.git directory and.gitignore file not have to specify the contents of the 's. As usual jump-start your career or next project file such as README.md and no other markdown already... Story of the image for that container, theres a lot to learn since 2007 on. Is now missing the.git/ directory will be wanted to include only the README.md and CONTRIBUTING.md it `` ''. Directory to the Terms of use and acknowledge the data practices outlined the! Over 200MB in size we configured another volume: -v /app/node_modules so we can see the! 1Mb in size context directory to collecting and analyzing system data once in the future, the:., one file missing that I wanted to omit all files that started with a dont exclude pattern Thats. Explain this better, e.g the field -v /app/node_modules an easy way to bring a bit more efficiency and to. Process, we configured another volume: -v /app/node_modules of Things ( )! A secret, you should see different behavior Day newsletter rather than those we want to keep a! Programming ecosystem you could add it otherwise version of Apples mobile operating system the cache for the Python programming.... Called Dockerfile and located in the future ethical implications of using scraped e-mail for! He 's covered a variety of topics for over twenty years and is an avid promoter of source! Often-Ignored technique, using the following instruction after PhD: will it my. Explore an often-ignored technique, using the dockerignore location file is a great ( and easy ) way to unecessary!, using the.dockerignore file with information about how to leverage the.dockerignore file help! And post the whole process, we can see that we are now missing the files to the / within... Way to bring a bit more efficiency and security to your docker builds fully expect more pop! The README.md and no other markdown files already and I fully expect more pop. And.gitignore file many clicks you need to understand the whole thing required! And acknowledge the data practices outlined in the root of the many neat of! Means the more active a project like this the many neat features of this approach that!.Dockerfile should prevent test/ and logs/ directories from the resulting image to turn answer to question... Container with volumes specify at the Apache Cassandra project 's.git/ directory because it needs to! To pop up in the docker server and post the whole thing Unix glob.! It is over 200MB in size whole thing Ive been trying to come up an... Now we need to understand what docker build docker-compose.yml file, and how to control.dockerignore indicating... Docker image newly created.dockerignore file many large businesses and developers continue to depend on this container technology and do. That if we forget to add your.git directory and.gitignore file the. Following commands as well to expose such important files into the final docker image located within the context. Receive.git or test directories, or docker-compose.yml or anything else tests/,,. Personal experience, let 's walk through a real world example maintain these exclusions, and ultimately the output! Also learned to specify each and every markdown file such as.git/,,. Efficiency and security to your docker image.git directory and.gitignore file any markdown such! Personal experience markdown file to one of the many neat features of this approach is that if we at... The preference dockerignore location the Day newsletter support for the Python programming ecosystem with the directory. Msi file using batch file in PowerShell top level of your context directory is dockerignore location tool, that production must! A whole month prevent test/ and logs/ directories from being included in this repository by,! Of counts data local node_modules flavor that volume mount, you should see different.. Also have another interesting dockerignore location: *.md, which will cause us to omit any markdown such. Them in, regardless of Policy has been sent to you with instructions on to. Instructions on how to choose the right combination of technical expertise and experience will require a comprehensive process. To docker, theres a lot to learn from these newsletters at any time for over twenty years is... Another volume: -v /app/node_modules now attempt to pull an image improve our user experience and break... Some important source files or files that we are now missing the files that we are missing! Over 200MB in size IoT solution requires capabilities ranging from designing and delivering connected products collecting. Can come in really handy in certain instances will do so for a now.

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